During the second International Congress of Mathematicians, David Hilbert proposed a list of 23 open problems aiming to inspire the research of 20th-century mathematicians.
One century later, a 24th problem has been rediscovered in Hilbert's personal notebook. It can be resumed as follows:
-- Is there a criterion to affirm that a certain proof is the "simpler" one? --
In this talk, we will explore this problem: its interpretations and its solutions, emphasizing its impact on 21st-century everyday life.